The Upper Mustang Trek is an unforgettable journey through one of Nepal’s most remote and culturally preserved regions. Located in the northwestern part of Nepal, Upper Mustang offers an adventure that blends stunning landscapes, rich history, and unique Tibetan culture. Often referred to as “The Last Forbidden Kingdom,” Upper Mustang has remained largely untouched by modern influences, making it a special destination for trekkers.
This guide will take you through all the details you need to know about the Upper Mustang Trek, including trekking routes, things to do, the cultural significance of the region, and most importantly, how much it costs to trek in Upper Mustang.
1. What is the Upper Mustang Trek?
The Upper Mustang Trek takes you into a unique corner of Nepal, beyond the Annapurna and Manaslu regions, to a high-altitude desert landscape surrounded by the mighty peaks of the Himalayas. Upper Mustang was once a separate kingdom, which is now part of Nepal. The trek is famous for its unique blend of Tibetan culture and natural beauty, and it’s one of the few places in Nepal where the influence of Tibetan Buddhism is still prevalent.
The trek to Upper Mustang begins from Jomsom, a small town in the lower Mustang district. From there, trekkers journey through the valley along the Kali Gandaki River, passing ancient monasteries, unique rock formations, and traditional Tibetan villages. The highest point of the trek is usually at Lo Manthang, the capital of the ancient kingdom, where you can experience the spiritual and historical heritage of this unique region.
2. Best Time to Trek Upper Mustang
The best time to trek Upper Mustang is during the dry seasons, either in the spring (March to May) or autumn (September to November). During these months, the weather is stable, and the skies are clear, offering stunning views of the snow-capped peaks and the arid landscapes of Upper Mustang.
Winter (December to February) can be very cold, with temperatures often dropping below freezing, making it challenging for trekking. Similarly, summer monsoon season (June to August) brings heavy rainfall, which can disrupt the trails and increase the risks of landslides. Therefore, it’s recommended to plan your trek during the dry months for the best experience.
3. Highlights of the Upper Mustang Trek
- Lo Manthang: The ancient capital of the Mustang Kingdom, Lo Manthang is a must-visit. Its stunning monasteries and the 15th-century palace provide a window into the rich Tibetan Buddhist culture and history of the region.
- Cave Monasteries: Upper Mustang is home to some of Nepal’s most fascinating caves and cave monasteries. The caves are carved into the cliffs and are centuries old, providing spiritual solace and historical insight.
- Chorten and Mani Walls: As you trek through Upper Mustang, you’ll encounter numerous chortens (Tibetan stupas) and mani walls (stone walls engraved with mantras), which are important markers of the Tibetan Buddhist faith.
- Tibetan Culture: The people of Upper Mustang maintain strong ties with Tibetan traditions, and their way of life is deeply influenced by Tibetan Buddhism. Visiting local villages provides an authentic experience of the culture.
- Scenic Views: Upper Mustang offers unparalleled views of the Himalayas, including peaks like Dhaulagiri, Annapurna, and Nilgiri, along with the stark beauty of the Tibetan plateau.
4. The Trekking Routes
The Upper Mustang Trek generally follows one of two routes, either a more classic route from Jomsom to Lo Manthang or an alternative route that incorporates more remote villages.
- Classic Route: This is the most common route, starting from Jomsom. From Jomsom, trekkers head toward Kagbeni, which is the gateway to Upper Mustang. After Kagbeni, you enter the restricted area of Upper Mustang and proceed through the villages of Chele, Syangboche, Ghami, and finally, Lo Manthang.
- Alternative Route: For those seeking a less-traveled path, there are other routes that venture into less explored villages such as Chhuksang, Samar, and Geling before reaching Lo Manthang.
5. Permits and Regulations
Since Upper Mustang is a restricted area, trekkers must obtain special permits before embarking on the journey. These permits are required due to the region’s proximity to the Tibetan border and its culturally sensitive nature.
- Upper Mustang Restricted Area Permit: This permit is mandatory for all trekkers wishing to visit Upper Mustang. The permit is typically valid for a period of 10 days, but it can be extended if necessary. The cost of this permit is around $500 USD for a 10-day trek.
- Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP): The region also falls within the Annapurna Conservation Area, so trekkers must obtain an ACAP permit, which costs around $30 USD.
It’s important to remember that these permits are processed through registered trekking agencies in Nepal, and trekking independently is not permitted. You will need to arrange a guide and possibly porters for the journey.
6. How Much Does the Upper Mustang Trek Cost?
Upper Mustang Trek Cost of trekking Upper Mustang varies depending on factors such as the length of the trek, the time of year, and whether you’re using a trekking agency or going independently (though independent treks are not allowed). Below is a breakdown of the major expenses you should expect:
Trekking Agency Costs
Using a trekking agency is the most common option for Upper Mustang due to the requirements of permits and the need for a guide. Prices generally start at around $1,800 USD for a 12-day trip, which includes the following:
- Trekking Permit Fees: Approximately $500 USD for the Upper Mustang permit and $30 for the ACAP permit.
- Guide and Porter Fees: A licensed guide usually costs around $25 to $30 per day, while a porter costs about $15 to $20 per day. A typical agency package will include both guide and porter.
- Accommodation and Meals: Tea house accommodations are common on the trek. Basic guesthouses charge between $5 to $10 per night. Meals typically range from $5 to $10 per day.
- Transportation Costs: Flights to and from Pokhara to Jomsom are usually included in the package. A round-trip flight costs about $120 to $150 USD.
- Miscellaneous: Miscellaneous expenses like snacks, bottled water, and additional services (Wi-Fi, extra accommodation) can add up to around $50 to $100.
DIY Trekking Costs
If you manage to arrange everything yourself (while still using a guide), the cost can be somewhat cheaper. However, keep in mind that independent trekking is not an option. For those trekking in a more budget-friendly manner, here’s a rough estimate of the costs:
- Guide and Porter Fees: Around $20 per day for a guide and $10 to $15 per day for a porter.
- Permits: You still need to pay for the Upper Mustang and ACAP permits.
- Flights: Costs for flights between Pokhara and Jomsom are the same as those with a guided package.
- Accommodation and Meals: Around $15 to $20 per day for lodging and food, though prices can vary.
- Miscellaneous: Same as for guided packages, expect additional costs for snacks, Wi-Fi, etc.
Overall, a DIY trek may cost around $1,500 USD for a 12-day trip.
7. Preparation Tips for the Upper Mustang Trek
- Physical Fitness: The trek is moderate to challenging, so it’s essential to be physically prepared. Cardiovascular endurance, strength, and stamina will be needed to handle the altitude and the terrain.
- Altitude Acclimatization: The altitude in Upper Mustang can exceed 4,000 meters (13,000 feet), so it’s important to take time to acclimatize to avoid altitude sickness.
- Packing: You’ll need warm, layered clothing for the chilly mornings and evenings, a good pair of trekking boots, and a warm sleeping bag. Don’t forget your sunscreen, a hat, and sunglasses for protection against the sun.
- Stay Hydrated: Dehydration is a common issue at high altitudes, so make sure to drink plenty of water and carry purification tablets.
- Cultural Respect: Be respectful of the local culture. Upper Mustang is home to a strong Tibetan Buddhist community, so be mindful when visiting monasteries and interacting with locals.
8. Conclusion
The Upper Mustang Trek offers an exceptional journey through one of Nepal’s most historically significant and culturally rich regions. From the stunning mountain vistas to the ancient monasteries and traditional villages, this trek is an unparalleled experience. However, as with any high-altitude trek in a remote area, preparation is key to having a safe and enjoyable adventure.
While the cost of trekking Upper Mustang may seem high, it’s an investment in a once-in-a-lifetime adventure, offering access to a region that few people get to experience. Whether you’re a seasoned trekker or someone looking for a cultural immersion, the Upper Mustang Trek is a challenging but incredibly rewarding journey.
So, if you’re ready to explore the “Last Forbidden Kingdom” and immerse yourself in the captivating landscapes and culture of Upper Mustang, make sure you plan well, prepare for the costs, and get ready for a trek you’ll never forget!
